Defining the normal periodontal microbial flora (selective) of oral cavity in health in the population of HubliDharwad, Karnataka

Abstract

Background: The oral cavity forms an indispensable part of the human microbiome, distributed within various niches. The mouth harbours at least six billion bacteria representing more than seven hundred species as well as other types of microorganisms. It is well known that there is no bacterial species found exclusively in healthy oral niches. There are various factors which affect the transition from oral commensals to pathogenic flora. With this background the study was aimed to define and quantify the normal periodontal microbial flora of oral cavity in healthy individuals in Hubli-Dharwad population. Materials and method: Hundred systemically healthy individuals were selected from out patient departament of periodontics of SDM college of Dental sciences Dharwad. They were divided in to two groups. Group A –Fifty healthy individuals Group B -Chronic periodontitis patients. Plaque sample was collected from dorsum of tongue, buccal mucosa, supragingival and subgingival areas. Plaque sample was immediately transferred to ependoff tubes and sent for FLUORESSENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION (FISH). Aggregati bacteractinomycetemcomitans(AA), Porphyromonas gingivalis(PG), Prevotella inetermedia(PI), Prevotella nigrescens(PN), Tennerella forsythensis(TN), Compylobacter rectus(CR), Treponoma deticola (TD), Fusobacterium nucleatum(FN), Actinomyces naeslundi (AN), Eikenella corrodens(EC), Capnocytophaga gingivalis(CG), Capnocytophaga ochrea(CO), Selenomonas noxia(SN), Streptococci(STRE) and Streptococcus sanguis(SG). Results: We could observe various microorganisms in healthy individuals. The periopathogens were definitely lower in healthy individuals. We could also observe that the oral commensals were higher in healthy individuals. There was statistically significant difference in periopathogens in health and disease.